Published:Journal of Chromatographic Science,
ISSN 0021-9665 Volume
47, Number 7, August 2009, pp. 575-580
Fingerprint of Selected Salvia Species by HS–GC–MS
Analysis of Their Volatile Fraction
Józef Rzepa1, ?ukasz Wojtal1,
Dorota Staszek1,
Gabriela Grygierczyk1, Karina Labe1, Micha? Hajnos2,
Teresa Kowalska1,
and Monika Waksmundzka-Hajnos3,
1Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, 9 Szkolna Str.,
Katowice, Poland;
2Department of Pharmacognosy, Medical University of
Lublin, 1 Chodski Str., 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
3Department of Inorganic
Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, 6 Staszica Str., 20-081 Lublin,
Poland
Twenty species of Salvia, naturally grown
or cultivated in Poland, are investigated by headspace gas chromatography–mass
spectrometry analysis. The main components of the volatile fraction
of Salvia species are identified as α-pinene,
camphene, β-pinene,
thujol, camphor, β-chamigrene, and cadina-3,9-diene. There
are also the compounds that can be considered as chemotaxonomic
markers, namely β-myrcene for Salvia lavadulifolia, β-phelandrene
for Salvia verticillata, τ-terpinene for Salvia
stepposa, and isocaryophyllene
and caryophyllene for Salvia officinalis. Certain compounds
(such as o-cymene present in Salvia canariensis and Salvia
stepposa; β-trans-ocymene present in Salvia
lavadulifolia, Salvia sclarea,
and Salvia amplexicaulis; thujenone present in Salvia
staminea, Salvia atropatana, Salvia jurisicii, and Salvia
officinalis;
and thujone present in Salvia azurea, Salvia
lavandulifolia, Salvia hians, and Salvia
triloba) can constitute chemotaxonomic
advice for the aforementioned species. Also, the lack of certain
compounds otherwise common in the individual sage species can
be considered as chemotaxonomic advice (e.g., Salvia
sclarea has no α-pinene and β-pinene; Salvia
lavadulifolia lacks camphene;
Salvia triloba lacks β-pinene and camphene; and Salvia
officinalis lacks β-chamigrene, thujol, and cadina-3,9-diene).
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