Published:Journal of Chromatographic Science,
ISSN 0021-9665Volume 40, Number 9, October 2002, pp.509-514
Analysis of Cigarette Mainstream Smoke for 1,1-Dimethylhydrazine
and Vinyl Acetate by Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry
J. Diekmann*, C. Biefel, and K. Rustemeier
Institut für biologische Forschung (INBIFO†), Fuggerstrasse 3, 51149
Köln, Germany
1,1-Dimethylhydrazine, also known as unsymdimethylhydrazine (UDMH)
and vinyl acetate (VA), are both classified by the International Agency for
Research on Cancer as 2B carcinogens (possibly carcinogenic to humans) and listed
as cigarette smoke constituents; however, there is little or no quantitative
data available on them. For UDMH in cigarette smoke, neither a yield nor a method
has been published. For VA, the most recent infor-mation on yields dates back
to 1965. To bridge this gap, we have developed new gas chromatographic–mass
spectrometric methods for both compounds to determine their yields in cigarette
smoke. UDMH is determined by derivatization with 2-nitrobenzaldehyde in methanol
and is not found in cigarette smoke at levels above the detection limit of 19
ng/cig. In further experiments, when UDMH is added to the smoke stream or air
stream of lit or unlit cigarettes, the derivative 2-nitrobenzaldehyde-2,2-dimethylhydrazone
is found only in the air stream of the unlit cigarettes. From this, we conclude
that UDMH is either not formed during smoking at all or, if it is, it reacts
immediately and quantitatively with other smoke constituents (e.g., aldehydes)
and is therefore not detectable in cigarette smoke. VA is determined by trapping
in acetone at –78°C and is found at a concentration of 270 ng/cig
for a standard reference cigarette with a cellulose acetate filter (the reference
cigarette 1R4F). In the literature, VA is reported at concentrations of 1.6
µg/cig for a cigarette with a cellulose acetate/charcoal filter and 4
µg/cig for a cigarette with a cellulose acetate filter and for an unfiltered
cigarette.
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