Published:Journal of Chromatographic Science,
ISSN 0021-9665Volume
38, Number 3, March 2000, pp. 91–94
Optimization
of the Extraction and Fractionation of Corn Bran Oil Using Analytical Supercritical
Fluid InstrumentationScott
L. Taylor and Jerry W. King Food Quality and Safety Research Unit, National
Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Agricultural Research Service,
U.S. Department of Agriculture, 1815 N. University Street, Peoria, IL 61604
Supercritical
fluid extraction (SFE) is combined with supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC)
in an analytical mode to develop a system for fractionating and enriching high
value ferulate-phytosterol esters (FPE) contained in corn bran oil. Corn bran
is initially extracted with neat supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2)
at various pressures (13.8, 34.5, and 69 MPa) and temperatures (40, 60, and
80°C) to see if the FPE can be enriched in the extracts. These initial studies
show the greatest percentage of FPE could be extracted under two sets of conditions:
69 MPa at 80°C and 34.5 MPa at 40°C. Both sets of parameters yield an
extract containing ~1.25% FPE. A stock supply of corn bran oil is then produced
by scaled-up SFE at 34.5 MPa and 40°C for subsequent chromatographic fractionation.
The SFE-obtained corn bran oil is then applied to the head of a minichromatographic
column containing an amino-propyl sorbent. SFC is than commenced using neat
SC-CO2 at 69 MPa and 80°C to remove the majority of the triglyceride-based
oil. Pressure and temperature are then lowered to 34.5 MPa and 40°C, respectively,
and ethanol is added as a modifier. The modifier is added in an increasing stepwise
gradient program, and fractions are collected at equal volume intervals. The
resultant fractions are analyzed by analytical high-performance liquid chromatography
with evaporative light-scattering detection and show that FPE could be enriched
to a 14.5% (w) level.
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