Published:Journal of Chromatographic Science,
ISSN 0021-9665Volume
38, Number 7, July 2000, pp. 270-278
Theory
of Solid-Phase MicroextractionJanusz
Pawliszyn Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo,
Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
The main objective
of this contribution is to describe the fundamental concepts associated with
solid-phase microextraction (SPME). Theory provides insight when developing
SPME methods and identifies parameters for rigorous control and optimization.
A mathematical model has been developed to understand the principal processes
of SPME by applying basic fundamental principles of thermodynamics and diffusion
theory. The model assumes idealized conditions and is limited to air, liquid,
or headspace above liquid sampling. Theory for ideal cases can be quite accurate
for trace concentrations in simple matrices such as air or drinking water at
ambient conditions when secondary factors such as thermal expansion of polymers
and changes in diffusion coefficients because of solutes in polymers can be
neglected. When conditions are more complex, theory for ideal cases still efficiently
estimates general relationships between parameters.
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