Published: Journal of Chromatographic Science, Volume
37, Number 9, September 1999, pp. 317-322
Simultaneous Determination of Formaldehyde and Methylglyoxal in Urine: Involvement
of Semicarbazide-Sensitive Amine Oxidase-Mediated Deamination in Diabetic Complications
Yulin Deng and Peter H. Yu
The deamination of methylamine and aminoacetone by semicarbazide-sensitive amine
oxidase (SSAO) produces formaldehyde and methylglyoxal, respectively, which have
been presumed to be involved in diabetic complications. A high-performance liquid
chromatography procedure using 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH) as a derivatizing
agent is developed to determine endogenous formaldehyde, methylglyoxal, malondialdehyde,
and acetaldehyde. The devised DNPH method is sensitive enough to analyze aldehyde
levels in urine. An increase in the excretion of formaldehyde, methylglyoxal,
and malondialdehyde is confirmed in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Following
the chronic administration of methylamine, the urinary levels of both formaldehyde
and malondialdehyde (a product from lipid peroxidation) are found to be substantially
increased. A potent selective SSAO inhibitor, (E)-2- (4-fluorophenethyl)-3-fluoroallylamine
hydrochloride (MDL-72974A), reduced the formation of formaldehyde, methylglyoxal,
and malondialdehyde. The increase of the cytotoxic aldehyde levels as a result
of increased SSAO-mediated deamination may occur in some pathological conditions.
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